The L-type Ca²⁺ Channel as a Potential Mediator of Pathology During Alterations in Cellular Redox State

The L-type Ca²⁺ channel is the main route for calcium influx into cardiac myocytes and an important determinant of calcium homeostasis. There is now considerable evidence that the function of the L-type Ca²⁺ channel is influenced by the cell's redox state. Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide can regulate biological function by directly altering the thiol redox state of proteins. Under conditions where cellular redox state varies, L-type Ca²⁺ channel function and diastolic calcium levels can be significantly altered. This article will present the evidence for alterations in L-type Ca²⁺ channel function by reactive oxygen species and the potential role for the channel in development of acute electrophysiological instability or chronic pathological remodelling under conditions of persistent oxidative stress.

Keywords: L-type calcium channel, Reactive oxygen species, Calcium, Hypoxia, Arrhythmia, Hypertrophy