The graded benefit of exercise on cardiovascular risk is well established. Observational
studies have, however, focused on mild to moderate levels of activity. In Australia,
in excess of 30% of the adult population exercise in excess of the upper range as
studied in the literature. There is limited evidence as to whether the risk/benefit
ratio is maintained in those participating in regular intense exercise. Case reports
and circumstantial evidence raise the possibility that more extreme exercise may have
some detrimental effects. In effect, exercise may have a typical dose–response curve
with a plateau or even toxicity at more extreme levels. Given the increasing popularity
of endurance sporting pursuits, there is a need for further research into the cardiac
adaptations and consequences of extreme habitual exercise.
Keywords
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© 2007 Australasian Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
