Background
Limited data exist regarding the clinical characteristics and contemporary outcomes
of patients with pulmonary valve (PoV) infective endocarditis (IE).
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IE
affecting the PoV at our centre between January 2002 and October 2018. Electronic
medical records were reviewed to gather the clinical and echocardiographic variables.
The population was subdivided according to risk factor profiles: group 1: miscellaneous
risk factors; group 2: patients with congenital heart disease (CHD); and group 3:
patients who inject drugs (PWID). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.
Results
Out of 2,124 cases of IE during the study period, 24 (1.1%) patients had PoV IE. The
majority of cases of PoV IE occurred in patients with prosthetic valves (54.2%). Coagulase-negative
Staphylococci species were the most common micro-organisms. Seventy-five per cent (75%) of the
patients required surgical management. The median follow-up was 2.8 years (interquartile
range: 0.2–5.3 years). Patients with miscellaneous risk factors were older (p<0.01),
and had higher rates of hypertension (p=0.01) and hyperlipidaemia (p=0.04). There
was a statistically significant difference in survival between the groups (p=0.03),
mainly driven by better outcomes of patients with CHD, compared to those with miscellaneous
risk factors.
Conclusions
In a contemporary 16-year series, a high proportion of patients with PoV IE required
surgical management. Patients with PoV IE and CHD had better survival, compared to
patients with miscellaneous risk factors at a median follow-up of 2.8 years.
Keywords
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: June 11, 2020
Accepted:
April 28,
2020
Received in revised form:
October 11,
2019
Received:
August 1,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons (ANZSCTS) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
